Iris tenax
Iris tenax is a semi-evergreen species of Iris native to southwestern Washington and northwestern Oregon. It is known as the tough-leaved iris or Oregon iris. It occurs along roadsides and in grasslands and forest openings at low to middle elevations. One subspecies is also known from northern California.
Like most irises, it has large and showy flowers. The flowers bloom in mid to late spring and are usually lavender-blue to purple, but blooms in white, yellow, pink, and orchid shades are known to sometimes occur.
In the native garden, Oregon iris can grow large and reproduces easily, especially in favorable conditions. It tolerates winter pruning to refresh old leaves, and benefits from an occasional spring cleaning out of old vegetation.
- Light Requirements: Full Sun, Part Shade
- Water Requirements: Dry, Moist
- Ease of Growing: Moderate
- Growth Rate: Moderate
- Spreads:
- Wildlife Support: Hummingbirds, Pest-eating Insects, Birds or Mammals
- Fire-resistant: Yes
- Edible:
- Mature Height: 1-2ft
- Mature Width:1-2ft
Juncus ensifolius
This rhizomatous rush grows in large upright clumps. The green dagger shaped leaves fold over along the mid-vein towards the stem, similar to iris leaves.
In favorable garden conditions, this rush can grow large and spread thickly. The accumulation of previous years’ dead stems provide shelter for wildlife in winter, but an occasional spring cleaning out of dead material helps keep rushes looking fresh, too.
- Light Requirements: Full Sun
- Water Requirements: Moist, Seasonally Wet
- Ease of Growing: Easy to grow
- Growth Rate: Fast
- Spreads:
- Wildlife Support: Birds or Mammals
- Fire-resistant: No
- Edible:
- Mature Height: 1-2ft
- Mature Width:1-2ft
Maianthemum dilatatum
The plant produces an erect, unbranched stem up to about 40 centimeters tall. A non-flowering shoot bears one smooth, waxy, shiny leaf up to 10 centimeters long and 5 to 8 broad, hence its scientific name (dilatatum means ‘broad’). On plants that are flowering, 2 or 3 leaves are produced oppositely on the stems. The leaf is oval in shape with a heart-shaped base. This attractive groundcover can spread vigorously when in planted in favorable conditions.
The inflorescence is an erect raceme with star-shaped white flowers. They each have four petals and four stamens. After fertilization the fruit produced is a berry 6 millimeters in diameter. The berry is speckled red when immature and solid red when ripe. Each has 1 to 4 seeds.
- Light Requirements: Part Shade, Full Shade
- Water Requirements: Moist
- Ease of Growing: Easy to grow
- Growth Rate: Moderate
- Spreads: Yes
- Wildlife Support: Birds or Mammals
- Fire-resistant: Yes
- Edible:
- Mature Height: 1ft
- Mature Width:2-3ft
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